discrimination

But in the past two hundred years, hijra have faced discrimination and violence, been largely restricted from holding jobs or seeking education, and often been refused medical treatment at hospitals.

Over the next seven years, this case of sex discrimination was debated and appealed, until the Supreme Court ruled in 2020 that firing someone for their LGBTQ identity is indeed against the law.

Like other Native people in the lower 48, both the Kanaka Maoli and Alaska Natives have faced political marginalization and discrimination.